Technomate

// program for two LEDs on at a time and two LEDs off at same time //BY-ALOK KUMAR PANDEY //.................................................................................// int led1=13, led2=12, led3=11,led4 = 10; void setup() {   pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);         // here pin 13(i.e. led1) set as output pin   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);         // here pin 12(i.e. led2) set as output pin   pinMode(led3, OUTPUT);         // here pin 11(i.e. led3) set as output pin   pinMode(led4, OUTPUT);         // here pin 10(i.e. led4) set as output pin } void loop() {  digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);    digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);     digitalWrite(led3, LOW);   digitalWrite(led4, LOW);    delay(1000);    digitalWrite(led1, LOW);    digitalWrite(led2, LOW);     digitalWrite(led3, HIGH); ...

//program for 4 LED blinking one by one //by-ALOK KUMAR PANDEY //..........................................................................................// int led1=13, led2 = 12, led3 = 11, led4 =10; // All pin are difined by variables void setup() {   pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);         // here pin 13(i.e. led1) set as output pin   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);         // here pin 12(i.e. led2) set as output pin   pinMode(led3, OUTPUT);         // here pin 11(i.e. led3) set as output pin   pinMode(led4, OUTPUT);         // here pin 10(i.e. led4) set as output pin } void loop() {  digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);       // here we set led1 as high(i.e. pin no. 13) it means led1 get on.  delay(1000);                    //delay of one second  digitalWrite(led1,LOW);    ...

//program for TWO LED blinking one by one //by-ALOK KUMAR PANDEY //....................................................................................// int led1 =13, led2 =12; void setup() {   pinMode(led1, OUTPUT);         // here pin 13(i.e. led1) set as output pin   pinMode(led2, OUTPUT);         // here pin 12(i.e. led2) set as output pin } void loop()  {   digitalWrite(led1, HIGH);      // here we set led1 as low(i.e. pin no. 13) it means led1 get on.   digitalWrite(led2, LOW);       // here we set led2 as high(i.e. pin no. 12) it means led1 get off.   delay(1000);   digitalWrite(led1,LOW);        // here we set led1 as low(i.e. pin no. 13) it means led1 get off.   digitalWrite(led2, HIGH);      // here we set led2 as high(i.e. pin no. 12) it means led1 get on.   delay(1000);  ...

//program for single LED blinking //by-ALOK KUMAR PANDEY //....................................................................................// int led = 13;                            //we difine pin number 13 as name led void setup()                            // this loop run sigle(one) time  {             pinMode(led,OUTPUT);        //here we difine pin no. 13 (i.e. led)as output pin } void loop() {                          //this loop run infinite times  digitalWrite(led, HIGH);      // here we set pin 13 (i.e. led) high, it means it get on  delay(1000);                        // one second delay ...

Full form of sonar is Sound navigation and ranging. It is mostly used on ships for measuring the depth of water. This is accomplished by sending an acoustic pulse and measuring the time for the echo or return from the bottom. By knowing the speed of sound in the water, the depth is calculated by multiplying the speed by one-half of time traveled. Sonars are also used in the submarine to navigate and detect an object on or under the surface of the water.  History From millions of year some animals using this technique for communication and object detection of objects, like Dolphins and bats. The first time it is used by the human in 1490 by Leonardo da Vinci. A tube instated into the water was said to be used to detect vessel by placing an ear to the tube. The use of sound to echo location underwater in the same way as bats use sound for aerial navigation. The world’s first patent for an underwater echo ranging device was filed at the British patent office by Engli...

March/24/2017 is a historical day for India After England, USA, France and Israel; India is a fifth county which develops his own navigation system for ships.  Secondly, after the democracy India first time export defence items. India gives three SONAR system USHUS-2 to Myanmar and the cost of this product is about 180 crore. USHUS-2  is developed by Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL), the only Defence Research and Research organisation (DRDO) lab in Kerala, India. Union Defence and Finance minister  Mr Arun Jaitley handed over  10 USHUS-2 to Indian navy too.   USHUS-2 USHUS-2 is an integrated submarine sonar suite, a state-of-the-art upgraded of existing USHUS sonar presently operational on the frontline submarine of Navy. USHUS will replace Russian sonar system. It is designed and manufactured by DRDO. The range of USHUS-2 is about 100 to 150 kms. 

Night vision is the ability to see in low light conditions. Whether by biological or technological means, night vision is made possible by a combination of two approaches: sufficient spectral range and sufficient intensity range. Human has poor night vision compared to many animals, in part because the human eye lacks a tapetum lucidum. Night vision technology Night vision technology, literally allows one to see in the dark. Pre 1940’s flares and spotlights were used for operations at night. It is originally developed for military use. With the proper night vision equipment, we can see a person standing over 200 yards (183 m) away on a moonless, cloudy night. History Due to the nature of these early night vision devices (NVD), they gave away tactical positions. Military scientist began to think of ways to improve night vision to gain a strategic advantage. The first-night vision devices were created during WWII. Functioned by placing an infrared filter over a se...

Touchscreen technology is the direct manipulation type gesture-based technology. A touchscreen is a source of input device and output device normally layered on the top of an electronic visual display of an information processing system.  As the name suggests touchscreen you have to touch the screen for any processing. It is sensitive to the touch of a human finger, hand, pointed figure nail and passive objects like a stylus. The user simply moves things on the screen, scroll them, make them bigger and much more. History The first ever touchscreen was developed by E. A. Johnson at the Royal radar establishment, Malvern, UK in late 1965. evidently, the first touchscreen was a capacitive type; the one widely used in smart phones now days. In 1971, a milestone in touchscreen technology was developed by doctor Sam Hurst, an instructor at the University of Kentucky research foundation. It was a touch sensor named ‘Elograph’. Later in 1974, Hurst in association with compan...

Graphene is an allotrope of carbon in the form of a two-dimensional, atomic-scale, hexagonal lattices in which one atom from each vertex. Graphene can be described as a one-atom thick layer of graphite. It is the strongest, thinnest material known to exist. Each carbon atom is sp 2 hybridized and it is bound to its the neighbors. History of Graphene One of the very first patents pertaining to the production of graphene was filed in October 2002 entitled, “ Nano-scaled Graphene Plates”. Two years later, in 2004 Andre Geim and Kostya Novoselov at the university of Manchester extracted single-atom-thick crystallites from bulk graphite. Geim and Novoselov received several awards for their pioneering research on graphene, notably the 2010 Nobel prize in physics. Structure of Graphene Graphene is a 2-dimensional network of the carbon atom. These carbon atoms are bound to the plane by strong bond by strong bonds into a honeycomb array comprised of six-memb...

As mine previous blog we know about Hyperloop what it is?  Link: http://yourtechnomate.blogspot.com/2017/02/hyperloop.html And now we going to know about the technologies on which hyperloop works. Hyperloop have high speed due to some technologies combine together we know then one by one     Just like magneto trains, Hyperloop has magnets ay the bottom of the capsule which but the capsule in the air which provide low friction i.e. approximately zero due to low pressure in the Hyperloop tube.  In Hyperloop system the capsule contains air compressors which provide thrust to the capsule.  The vactrain concept theoretically eliminates these obstacles by employing magnetically levitating trains in evacuated (airless) or partly evacuated tubes, allowing for speeds of thousands of miles per hour. However, the high cost of maglev and the difficulty of maintaining a vacuum over large distances has prevented this type of system from ever being buil...

For transportation, we use a bus, train, ship, airplane and spacecraft’s and these are not nature-friendly. But here the latest technology is coming now that is Hyperloop whose average speed is 900 km/hours and completely nature-friendly. It has a steel tube which has a capsule-like structure which carries passengers and luggage and this capsule travel from one place to another place with high speed due to negligible friction. Negligible friction is achieved by the low pressure inside the loop and capsule float in the air by installing the magnet on the bottom of our pod (i.e bottom of the capsule). The capsule contains a battery with providing power to an air compressor which provides thrust to the capsule. It consumes very low power and this power is obtained from the solar plates place over it. The overall system is power generative because it produces more energy than it consumes. It is completely environment-friendly because there is no noise pollution, work o...

VoLTE stands for voice over long-term evolution. It is standard for high-speed wireless communication for mobile phones. VoLTE is an IMS -based specification. Adopting this approach, it enables the system to be integrated with the suite of applications that will because available on LTE . Originally the concept for SMS and voice system over LTE using IMS had been opposed by many operators because of the complexity of IMS. They had seen it as for too expensive and burdensome to introduce and maintain. History At the 2010 GSMA mobile world congress, GSMA announced that they were supporting the voice solution to provide voice over LTE Different companies provide VoLTE services at different time some of them are May 2014 Singtel introduce the world’s first commercial “full=featured” VoLTE services in Singapore, only in combinational with the Galaxy Note 3. July 2015 SEATEL Cambodia announced that world’s first commercial 100% VoLTE services without 2G/3G in Cambo...

LTE stands for Long-Term Evolution. It is just a part of wireless communication for mobile phones. It is standard for high-speed wireless communication. The standards are developed by the 3GPP (3 rd generation partnership project). LTE is a registered trademark owned by ETSI (European telecommunication standard institute) for wireless data communication technology. The main aim of LTE was to increase the capacity and speed of wireless data network using DSP (digital signal processing) techniques. The different LTE frequencies and bands used in different countries means that only multi-band phones are able to use LTE in all countries where it support. LTE was first proposed by NTT DoCoMo of japan in 2004, and studies on the new standard officially commenced in 2005. Features Higher peak data rate Improved spectrum efficiency Mobility – optimization for low-mobility (up to 15km/h), support with high performance for medium mobility (up to 129 km/h), supporte...

In recent year there has been a revolution in electronics, with a variety of phenomena being utilized in the construction of a new type of memory circuit for the computer application. A device which has had an increasing role is the memristor, whose description and properties have so far had little mention in physics education.  History  The memristor was the term coined in 1971 by  Leon Chua as a missing non-linear passive two-terminal electrical component relating electric charge and magnetic flux linkage. Leon Chua, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, predicted the existence of a fourth fundamental device, which he called a memristor. He proved that memristor behaviour could not be duplicated by any circuit built using only the other three elements, which is why the memristor is truly fundamental. Memristor is a contraction of ―memory resistor, because that is exactly its function: to remember its h...

Paper Battery A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy storage and production device formed by combining carbon nanotube with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based paper. These batteries are environmentally-friendly. They are non-corrosive and not require extensive housing. A paper battery acts as both a high-energy battery and super capacitor combining two components that are separated in traditional electronics. This combination allows the battery to provide long-term steady power production and bursts of energy. Non-toxic, flexible paper batteries have the potential to power the next generation of electronics, medical devices, and hybrid vehicles, allowing for radical new designs and medical technologies. Features of paper battery Paper thin sheet,  like shape and size and allowing the storage device to conduct electricity. Function as both a lithium-ion battery and super capacitor; can provide a long, steady power output comparable to a c...

The owner of the internet? Do you know this? No?? Let’s know this! We daily use the internet and pay money to our service providers. Are they are the main owner of the internet? The answer is no. The owners of the internet are the companies who setups the cables in oceans.  And they not completely own the internet. In short, we pay to our internet service provider, they take their interest from us and they are payable to the companies who setups the cables in oceans. That’s the process and that companies are not payable to anyone only they pay the taxes if any. The main point is that no government can lay claim to owning the internet. The internet works because of a system of rule called protocols. By following these protocols, computers can send information across the network to other computers. If there were no protocols, then there be no guarantee that the information sent from one computer could be understood by another, or that it even reache...